Summary of what is the right supply chain for your product Essay

Summary of what is the right supply chain for your product - Essay Example For Innovative products, many companies introduce innovation to give customers an added reason to purchase their products. Innovative products give a company higher profit margins, but their demand is very unpredictable, their life cycle is short. Because of their high-profit margins and unstable demand, innovative products necessitate a special supply chain than functional products. Supply chain has two different functions: these include physical and the market mediation function (Fisher, 112). The supply chain physical function includes converting raw materials into parts, components, and transferring all of them from one position in the supply chain to the next position. Market mediation ensures that the variety of products reaching the market matches what the consumers want to buy. The predictable demand of functional demand products makes market mediation simple because it nearly achieves a perfect match between supply and demand. Uncertainty is intrinsic in innovative products, and companies accept that, but companies that grew up in oligopoly with less competition find it more difficult to accept the high levels of uncertainty that exist today in many

Managing supportive learning environments Essay

Managing supportive learning environments - Essay Example Comments will not be made on the actual assignment. Retain a copy of your assignment for possible future reference. Marking Criteria There is no marking rubric for this assignment. The great variety of types of questions in this assignment precludes one standard set of marking criteria or rubric. However, where appropriate, the following criteria will be used to assess student responses: 1. The expectation is that for all questions you will demonstrate in your responses an insightful knowledge and understanding of information presented in the course. Most questions require you to integrate your overall course knowledge and insights into behaviour management and support to develop appropriate answers. 2. Only Part 2 questions lend themselves to demonstrated research (reading) beyond course readings and other course sources of information. A small number of highly pertinent references are much better than half a dozen or more, many of which have a dubious link to the topic. 3. Carefull y planned and concise responses that focus immediately and directly on the specific question or task and which remain within the word limit are essential. 4. How you express your responses are important. You may have the basis of a correct response, but if it is poorly communicated, marks will be deducted. 5. Markers will be looking for and will expect correct use of APA referencing. 6. Up to five marks may be deducted for incorrect referencing. In addition, up to five marks may be deducted for modifying or not adhering to the assignment template format. 7. Word length guidelines are provided throughout the assignment. In line with the university’s policy on assessment word length, students may exceed the total assignment word length by up to 10%. Marks may be deducted for assignments that go over the plus 10% guideline. Complete and submit your assignment using the Assignment Template. Complete all questions in both Part 1 and Part 2. PART 1 (No referencing required) Answer the questions in this part one of the assignment taking into account your specific sectors (Early Childhood, Primary, Secondary, and Vocational Education & Training). Support your answers utilising practical examples that are relevant to your sector. Question 1 (5 marks) Over the past two decades we have seen a gradual shift from ‘control’ to ‘management’ to ‘support’ in how behaviour management is viewed. Provide a concise explanation of what is meant by these three terms as they relate to the education context. Keep in mind that ‘control’ does not necessarily mean autocratic and punitive behaviour and that all three approaches to behaviour management still have a place in education. To supplement your concise explanations, provide a practical example for each, relevant to your sector. (Word length: 300 words) Provide your answer here Control is a type of power relations in the classroom when a teacher shows his ability to influen ce pupils or state of affairs. Contemporary control researchers (such as Slee) see this concept in a more complex way, without negative sense: it is a productive tool in the curriculum-oriented context instead of the context of disciplinary management. It is impossible to avoid control in language and daily practices, so the teacher’s aim should be to use its mechanisms properly and teach children self-regulation. In

Classification Of Operating System

Classification Of Operating System An Operating System is the basic software of computers that provides an interface between the computer programs and hardwares. Operating system also provides a software platform on top to other programs, they are called application programs (Application program: is the software that helps the users to make typical functions, like making text, othersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦). Your choice of the operating system, determinates the great extent of the application that you can run. The basic functions of the O.S. are managing machine resources, coordinate the hardware and organize files and directories on storage devices. Classification of Operating Systems Operating systems can be classified as follows: Multi-user: is the one that concede two or more users to use their programs at the same time. Some of O.S permits hundreds or even thousands of users simultaneously. Single-User: just allows one user to use the programs at one time. Multiprocessor: Supports opening the same program more than just in one CPU. Multitasking: Allows multiple programs running at the same time. Single-tasking: Allows different parts of a single program running at any one time. Real time: Responds to input instantly. Operating systems such as DOS and UNIX, do not work in real time. Operating  system functions The operating system serves several functions: Management Processor: Operating System Processor manages the distribution among programs using a programming algorithm. Management Random Access Memory: Operating system manages the memory space allocated for each application and each user, if appropriate. When physical memory is insufficient, the O.S creates an area of memory on the hard drive, called virtual memory. Virtual memory permits you to run applications that require a capacity of memory beyond available RAM in the system. However, this memory is much slower. Management of input / output: Operating system to unify and control access to material resources programs through the drivers (also known as administrators peripheral or input / output). Execution Management applications: Operating system ensures that applications run smoothly by allocating the resources they need to function. This means that if an application does not respond properly may succumb. Managing authorities: Operating system is responsible for security in connection with the execution of programs by guarantee you that resources are used only for programs and users with appropriate authorization. File management: The O.S manages all the writing and reading in the file system and access permissions to files and user applications. File system that permits files to be recorded in a tree structure. Information management: Operating system provides hundreds of indicators that can be used to diagnose the operation of the equipment. Operating System Components The system consists of a set of software that can be used to manage interactions with the hardware. These items are usually included in this set of software: The core: This represents the core operating system functions, such as memory management, processes, files, inputs / main outputs and communication functions. The shell: This enables communication with the operating system through a control language, allowing the user to control the device without knowing the characteristics of hardware, the management of physical addresses, and so on. First operating system was developed by IBM with a young man named Bill Gates, this could run on different computers from different manufacturers, it was called DOS (Disk Operating System), but differences between the parties did not set off a pitch. DOS was just a text screen with a command line that tells us which directory as we were only data for guidance. You had to know that things had to write for the machine to do something. There wasnt a context menu, and graphical displays to guide us. But in the beginning there were these systems presented so elegantly with many colors, there was only the command line interface that to only people who had great computer knowledge could use the computers. OPERATING SYSTEM IN THE 80s At 80s appear Mac OS systems and MS-DOS, Windows. The exponential growth of users, most of them without any knowledge of languages for high or low, made in the 80, the priority of designing an operating system was the ease of use, thus resulting the first user interfaces. Macintosh is the name under which we currently refer to any personal computer designed, developed, built and marketed by Apple Inc. Macintosh 128K was released on July 22, 1984 and was the first personal computer that was successfully marketed, which used a GUI and mouse instead of the standard of that time, the command line interface GUI makes use of a WIMP environment (windows, icons, menus and pointer). The background of the screen is called desktop, which contents an image called icons. Apple in 1984 produced the Macintosh, the first computer with mouse and graphical user interface (GUI). A few years later, Microsoft launched Windows, another operating system based in graphics and intuitive tools List of OS: Windows 7 Windows XP Professional Ubuntu Macintosh OSX Microsoft Vista Fedora Mac OS X Leopard Microsoft Windows 1.0 Xandros Linux Microsoft Windows 3.1 Unix Linux Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of software operating system based in graphical users interfaces produced by Microsoft. The different versions of Windows are: Windows 1.0 Windows 2.0 Windows 3.0 Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 7 Mac OS Mac OS is an operating systems developed by Apple Computer Inc. Macintosh is popular because the graphical user interface, it was the integral and unnamed system software first introduced in 1984 but is usually it referred to simply as the system software. Mac OS can be divided into two families: The Mac OS Classic family. The Mac OS X operating system. UNIX This was developed in 1969 by a group of employees of AT T Bell Labs, including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Brian Kernighan, Douglas Mcllroy, and Joe Ossanna. UNIX was developed in assembly language, but 1973 had been almost completely recoded in C, facilitating their development and migration to other hardware. This Operating Systems found on mainframes and workstations in corporate Installations. Linux Linux has its origin in UNIX. He showed in the sixties, developed by researchers Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson of AT T Bell Labs. Andrew Tanenbaum developed a Unix-like operating system called Minix to teach students to design an operating system. Due to the teaching approach of Minix, Tanenbaum never allowed him to be altered, and complications that could be introduced into the system for their students, but Finnish student named Linus Torvalds, verifying that it was not possible to extend Minix, decided to write his own operating system compatible with UNIX. Linux can be installed on all kind of computer no matter the hardware. This O.S is a leading server operative system, and can runs the 10 fastest supercomputers in the entire world, and the best two thing of it is that u don ´t get virus and is free. Mobile Operating System The mobile O.S is the Operating system that controls all mobile devices. The different systems for mobiles are: Windows Mobile Palms OS BlackBerry OS Symbian OS Android

Oxidative Stress :: Health, Diseases

Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis, ischemic injury, inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. As oxidative stress might be an important part of many human diseases, the use of antioxidants in pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals is intensively studied. Natural antioxidants have been the focus of considerable interest in recent times [22]. To date antioxidant activity of E. cava has been extensively studied and documented. E. cava extracts and the isolated compounds exhibited strong antioxidant activity and this proven antioxidant properties of the brown seaweed as a valuable natural antioxidant source have been utilized into several industrial applications [23]. One of the previous studies [10] has shown antioxidant activities of phlorotannins purified from E. cava on free radical scavenging using electron spin resonance (ESR). The potential antioxidant activities of three phlorotannins namely phloroglucinol, eckol and dieckol purified from E. cava were evaluated and all the compounds showed potential radical scavenging activities and potential inhibitory effects on H2O2-mediated DNA damage as well. In addition, promising antioxidant properties of E. cava were reported with novel phlorotannin derivatives [7]. They have isolated and characterized seven phlorotannins from E. cava and according to the results all the phlorotannins exhibited potent antioxidant properties. Kang et al. [24] have investigated the cytoprotective effect of eckol, which was isolated from E. cava, against oxidative stress induced cell damage in V79-4 cells. Further, they suggested that eckol protects V79-4 cells against oxidative damage by enhancing the cellular antio xidant activity and modulating cellular signal pathway. Antioxidative effect of E. cava dried by far infrared radiation drying was reported by Lee et al. [25]. Methanolic extract from E. cava dried by far infrared radiation drying enhanced cell viability and H2O2 scavenging activity in Vero cells. It was also found that dieckol; a phlorotannin was the major antioxidant compound in this work. Interestingly, a study in antioxidant activity of brown algal phlorotannins demonstrated that phlorotannins of E. cava had significant radical scavenging activities against the superoxide anion and DPPH, and were more effective compared to ascorbic acid and ÃŽ ±-tocopherol [26]. Triphlorethol-A phlorotannin found in E. cava, protects V79-4 cells against oxidative stress induced cell death through up regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) [27]. Further, they suggested triphlorethol-A augments cellular antioxidant defense capacity through induction of HO-1 via ERK-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway, thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress. In another stud y cytoprotective effect of triphlorethol-A against ÃŽ ³-ray radiation-induced oxidative stress was reported [28].

Healthcare Reimbursement

Phase One Individual Project Ernestine. Robles1 Colorado Technical University Online HIT201-1104B-02 Professor Sherry Miller November 21, 2011 (Microsoft Office Media, 1998) Healthcare Reimbursement Medical coding is an important process, in which descriptive information (patient medical records) is reviewed, and assigned detailed numeric, or alphanumeric diagnosis, and procedure codes’, for the purpose of reimbursing hospitals’, or physicians’ offices’, for services’ rendered (Ehow. com, 1999-2001; AHIMA. org, 2011). These codes are then translated into payment amounts, to be submitted to insurance companies’, for compensation (Ehow. om, 1999-2001). The hospitals’ and physicians’ rely on â€Å"complete coding accuracy†, or codes without â€Å"any† errors, or inadequacies (clean claims), to be submitted to insurance companies in a suitable time, in order to be processed, and reimbursed for services’ performe d (Campus. ctuonline. edu, 2001-2011). The more detailed information the coder provides, the more accurate the billing and coding will be (Campus. ctuonline. edu, 2001-2011). Accurate coding is beneficial to the financial business end of hospitals’, and physicians’ offices’ because, if the coding is not correct, insurance companies will not pay the costs for the claims’ (Ehow. om, 1999-2001; AHIMA. org, 2011). Therefore, this can result in thousands of dollars’ in loss revenue for medical organizations’. To date, there are no â€Å"National† standards to really determine medical coding productivity (Ehow. com, 1999-2001). Coding productivity is determined by each individual medical organization, establishing their own â€Å"principles of productivity†, based on record categories, such as â€Å"inpatient or outpatient status (Ehow. com, 1999-2001). According to the HCPro survey (1999-2001), twenty-nine per cent of facilities used a â€Å"three records coded per hour† system, as a â€Å"benchmark† (standard), for coding inpatient records’ (Ehow. com, 1999-2001). Furthermore, the American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA), established a certain amount of benchmarks, for coders to get claims in on time also (Ehow. com, 1999-2001); for inpatient charts, there was a benchmark of two to four charts per hour, and for outpatient records, standard coding time, was five to twenty records per hour, depending on the type (Ehow. com, 1999-2001). It is important coders meet the requirements, and work to minimize errors (Ehow. com, 1999-2001); the more accurate, and productive the coder is, the more the facility will be reimbursed for services rendered (Ehow. com, 1999-2001). It is crucial for coders to comply with State and Federal guidelines (Ehow. com, 1999-2001). Compliance guidelines are established in the â€Å"Internal Classification for Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) for coding and reporting, issued by the Center for Medicare, and Medicaid Services (CMS), and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)† (Ehow. com, 1999-2001). Also, assigning diagnosis and procedure codes is required under the â€Å"Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPPA)† (Ehow. com, 1999-2001). Between the coder and the healthcare provider, it is important for both parties to work together, to â€Å"complete precise documentation, coding assignments, and reporting of diagnoses and procedures† (Compliance. uclahealth. org, n. d; Campus. ctuonline. edu, 2001-2011). There cannot be enough importance put on â€Å"accurate documentation†, because without accuracy, coding will not be successful (Compliance. uclahealth. org, n. d; Campus. ctuonline. edu, 2001-2011). In addition to this, under the â€Å"National Correct Coding Initiative (NCCI), the consequences of inaccurate coding, or increased errors’, can result in criminal prosecution† (Campus. ctuonline. edu, 2001-2011). Some of the benefits of the â€Å"Outpatient Code Editor† (OCE) software, which helps maintain consistency, in processing claims for coders is, â€Å"editing claims for accuracy, assigning’ APCs, as well as assigning CMS-designated status indicators’, in addition to computing discounts, determining claim dispositions’, if packaging is appropriate, and helps’ determine payment adjustments, if necessary (Cms. ov, n. d. ). Coding references is an important tool, used to assist coders with more accurate coding by identifying minuscule differences between similar CPT codes from operative reports the first time (Medetrac. com, 2010-2012). The coding clinic is a resource newsletter that provides’ coding advice for HCPCS Leve l II coders (Casto & Layman, 2011). This newsletter is an important resource, because it â€Å"provides actual examples’, correct code assignments’ for new technologies, articles’, and a bulletin of coding changes’ and/or corrections† (Casto & Layman, 2011). The CPT assistant is a newsletter from the American Medical Association (AMA), used for coding communications, to keep coders up to date, clinical explanations’ for baffling codes, coding consultations’ to answer questions, anatomical illustrations, and information equivalent with the Federal Register (Medetrac. com, 2010-2012). Lab and drug dictionaries are used by coders to alert them to common spelling errors, pronunciations’, and words that are similar in form, and meaning (Medetrac. com, 2010-2012). Lab and drug dictionaries would eliminate errors’ coders’ could make, when two words sound the same, or have similar spelling (Medetrac. com, 2010-2012); in addition, the dictionaries would present what common abbreviations to use, and not use, in medical orders (Medetrac. com, 2010-2012). This is useful because it would eliminate primary mistakes on the reports. Medical dictionaries is a reference which list drugs, treatments, medical abbreviations, medical terms, definitions, translations, signs and symptoms of common disorders, and practical phases, used in daily communication with patients (Medetrac. com, 2010-2012). Lastly, anatomy references for coders are used to enhance, and interpret a coders understanding, of medical documentation, and correct code assignments (Codingbooks. com, 2011). After reviewing all the information gathered on the â€Å"coding reference, the coding clinic, and the CPT assistant, the lab, and drug dictionaries, the medical dictionaries, and the anatomy reference, the conclusion that has been drawn, is â€Å"all† of the references are equally important, when used together to guarantee coding accuracy for all coders. References AHIMA. org. (2011). Medical Coding. American Health Information Management Association. AHIMA. Retrieved November 17, 2011 from http://www. ahima. org/coding/ Casto, B. A. , & Layman, E. (2011). Principles of Healthcare Reimbursement. 3rd Edition. American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA). Illinois: AHIMA Press. Codingbooks. com. (2011). Anatomy and terminology for eyes and bars. Anatomy and terminology for coders elearning. Course Overview. Description. Coding Store. Contexo Media. Access Intelligence, LLC. Retrieved November 21, 2011 from http://www. codingbooks. com/books/coding_reference/Anatomy-and-Terminology-for-Coders-eLearning_25. html Cms. gov. (n. d. ). Outpatient Code Editor (OCE). OCE Purpose: Purpose of the OPPS I/OCE functionality. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved November 21, 2011 from http://www. cms. gov/OutpatientCodeEdit/10_Purpose. asp#TopOfPage Colorado Technical University Online. (2011). Course materials: Healthcare reimbursements: Regulatory issues and coding compliance. HIT201-1104B-02 Phase 1 Individual Project activity: Healthcare Reimbursement [Multimedia presentation]. Retrieved from Colorado Technical University Online Virtual Campus, November 21, 2011from https://campus. ctuonline. du/Classroom/Pages/multimediacoursetext. aspx? classid=260129&tid=130&uid=251269&HeaderText=Course Materials: HIT201-1104B-02: Healthcare Reimbursement Colorado Technical University Online. (2011). Course material: Processing physician office claims. HIT201-1104B-02 Phase 1 Individual Project activity: Healthcare Reimbursement [Multimedia presentation]. Retrieved from Colorado Technical University Online Virtual Campus, November 17, 2011 from HIT201-1104B-02: https://campus. ctuonline. edu/courses/HIT201/p1/hub1/14921. pdf Compliance. uclahealth. org. (n. d. ). ICD-9-CM official guidelines for coding and reporting. Effective October 1, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2011 from http://compliance. uclahealth. org/Workfiles/PDFs/ICD_9_CM_Official_Guidelines_for_Coding_and_Reporting_Effect ive_October_1_2008. pdf Ehow. com. (1999-2001). Importance of medical coding for hospitals. Reimbursements. Written by Jacqueline Wilson, Ehow Contributor. Demand Media, Inc. Retrieved November 17, 2011 from http://www. ehow. com/facts_5918637_importance-medical-coding-hospitals. html Ehow. com. (1999-2001). Medical coding productivity standards. Productivity standards. Written by Cynthia Murphy, Ehow Contributor. Demand Media, Inc. Retrieved November 17, 2011.

Excerpt “On Nonconformity” from Shape of Content by Ben Shahn

â€Å"Nonconformity is the basic pre-condition of art, as it is the pre-condition of good thinking and therefore of growth and greatness in a people†¦conformity is derived from the wholly venal business of catering to a popular market† (The Shape of Content, Ben Shahn). This piece of writing speaks of how the general public is in love with works of art, yet at the same time loathes the artists that created them, merely for being a little different than the norm. If art was about â€Å"cookie-cutter† design, then according to the eading, we should all be living in a place similar to Soviet Russia. Yes, it is extremely important to lift up and honor the Working Man, but it is wrong to tear apart art movements due to government, religion, sex, race, creed and so on. Art is something which comes from the soul and nonconformity helps to rip these few individualists away from the so-called commoners. Nonconformists explain reality in a way in which is hardly ever describ ed properly. Truthfully.Why over so many years in history were nonconformists persecuted? Did the witch burning public run out of actual threats like invasion from a foreign country or the economy, or health care? Still the artist (nonconformist) pushes forward and creates despite the enterprise of trials and tribunals. A favored line was about a modern day politician that tried to have a design on a boat sail made illegal, yet it turned out to be a legal design created and copyrighted for the Los Angeles Yacht Club.